Method for making composite waterproof sheet material



y 1933- w. N. STEVENSON METHOD FOR MAKING COMPOSITE WATERPROOF SHEETMATERIAL Filed Jan. 29.

1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 4.

am am N M y 1933. w. N. STEVENSON 1,906,654

METHOD FOR MAKING COMPOSITE WATERPROOF SHEET MATERIAL Filed Jan. 29.1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTkA/EY 4 Patented May 1933 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM STEVENSON, OF ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS,ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN REENFOBCED PAPER COMPANY, OF ATTLEBORO,MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION or mssacnusn'rrs IE'I'HOD FOR MAKINGCOMPOSITE WATERPROOF SHEET MATERIAL Application filed January 89, 1932.Serial No. 589,657.

This invention relates to a method for producing a composite water roofmaterial having a sheet of textile fa ric at one or both faces, and moreparticularly to a method for preventing a heated waterproof adhesiveapplied to one face of the textile fabric from penetrating through tothe opposite face of the fabric. 7

Multiply waterproof material formed of two sheets of paper securedtogether with a waterproof adhesive has been made heretofore and isextensively used both with and without reenforcing elements securedbetween the sheets of paper, and recent efforts have been made toprovide a multiply waterproof material having a sheet of textile fabricat one or both faces of the composite sheet, but difliculty has beenexperienced in preventing the waterproof adhesive applied between thesheets from penetratingthrough the textile fabric to the outer facethereof.

It is found in practice that if a woven fabric has a coating of hotwaterproof adhesive, such for instance ashotasphaltum, applied to oneface of the fabric, it enetrates through to the opposite face. is isobjectionable in many cases as the adhesive at the outer face of thefabric ma discolor the fabric or make it tacky, an may be otherwiseundesirable.

The present invention, therefore, relates to composite waterproof sheetmaterial formedof a plurality of sheets, at least one of which is atextile fabric secured to the .other sheet or sheets by a waterproofadhesive, and the invention more particularly resides in the method forpreventing the heated waterproof adhesive provided between the sheetsfrom passing through the apertures of the textile fabric to the outer orexposed face thereof.

This is accomplished in accordance with [the present invention bychilling the textile united to form; the composite or multiply fabricwill be advanced towards the uniting point at high speed, and if thefabric is to be chilled while it is being fed along its path of travel,it is important to provide a chilling device of appropriate surface areato thoroughly chill the rapidly traveling fabric.

While different means may be employed to cool the fabric, this isaccomplished in the construction shown by passing the fabric alongar'elatively lar er metal plate which is chilled by any suita le means,such as, by spraying cool water upon the opposite face.

The strength of the multiply fabric may be increased as desired byintroducing reenforcing material between the outer sheets and adhesivelysecuring the reenforcing ma terial therebetween. Y

The various features of the invention will be further understood fromthe following description when read in connection with the accompanyingdrawings showing different constructions for carrying out the presentmethod. 1

In the drawings Y Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one form of mechanismfor carrying out the method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 1s a perspective view of a modificat1on; and

- Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view in verticalv section of a third'construction employing the present method.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings isshown mechanism for manufacturing compositewaterproof sheet material comprising an upper sheet 10 and a lower sheet11 having confined between them reenforcing fibres.

The upper sheet 10- which may be formed of woven cotton or other textilematerial is shown as supplied by the roll 14 supported on a floor 15above the machine for drawing out the reenforcing fibres 12 and 13 andapplying therebetween the sheets 10 and 11. The sheet 10 may be drawnover the guide rollers 16 and 17 and downwardly through a slot 18 in thefloor 15. p

The lower sheetll may-be formed of paper ortextile material and .issupplied by the struction shown by leading the sheet 11 over' an upperroller 21 and under the lower roller 22 to cause it to pass beneath andthen over the tank 23. This tank contains the hot waterproof adhesivesuch as asphaltum,

which is heated by. means not shown, and applied to one face of thepaper 11 by the roller The adhesive coated sheet 11 then passes over thesupporting bars'25 and beneath the traveling carriers 26 for deposit ingthe attenuated fibres transversely of the sheet. The sheet then passesaround the lower roller 27 and upwardly between the 'nip of thecooperating rollers 28' and 29' where it is united with the upper sheet10. The longitudinal reenforcing fibres are supplied to the nip of therollers 28 and 29 between the sheet 10 and 11 bythe traveling combs 30and rollers 31. p

The adhesive supplied by the tank 23 is relied upon in the constructionof Fig. 1 to unite the sheets 10 and 11 and hold the reenforcing fibrestherebetwecn, and the com posite fabric thus formed passes upwardly Themechanism so far described may be slmllar 1n constructlon and operationto that.

disclosed in the George E. Gibbs application Ser. No. 318,064, filedNovember 8, 1928.

No particular difliculty is experienced in coating paper with awaterproof adhesive, such as asphaltum, since the adhesive will not passthrough the paper to an objectionable degree, but when the adhesiveisapplied to a textile fabric, such as a cotton sheet, it passes entirelythrough the sheet unless steps are taken to prevent this.

The present invention, therefore, contemplates the step of chilling thetextile fabric 10 sufficiently to cause the heated waterproof adhesiveapplied thereto to congeal or set guickly before it can penetratethrough the abric to the opposite face thereof.

Various constructions may be employed to cool the fabric 10, and thismay be done before the hot adhesive is applied to the fabric,

as in Fig. 1, or the fabric may be cooled immediately after the hotadhesive is applied thereto, as shown in the modified construction ofFig. 2. The important feature in carrying out the invention is to chillor reduce the temperature of the textile fabric 10 and cause thecontacting surface of the adhesive to set or congeal.

The fabric cooling means shown in th drawing comprises a relativelylarge metal plate 34 supported so thatthe fabric 10 pass- ,lngdownwardly .from the upper roller 17 to. the lower roller-35 will slideover its face and be chilled by its contact therewith. The plate 3f iscooled in the construction shown by providing the pipes 36, 37 forspraying water against a face of the plate, and as the water runs downthe plate it may collect in the trough 38 having the discharge pipes 39and 40. The cooling water may be supplied to the spray pipes36 and 37 bythe pipe 41 having the valve 42.

As a result of the construction just described the textile fabric 10will be firmly united to the lower sheet 11 by the adhesive applied tothe latter and the chilled condition of the textile fabric 10 will causethe adhesive that tends to pass inwardly bc from that of F 1 in that themodified con;

struction of Fig. 2 is shown as provided with means for applying theheated Water- ,proof material to the fabric 10 before it reaches thechilling plate 33. It will be understood, however,that the sheets 10 and11 are fed rapidly to the nip of the rolls 28 and 29 Sothat the fabricis advanced rapidly from the coatingimcan's to the chilling plate andthe cooling'elfectof the latter will cause the adhesive to congealbefore it strikes through the textile fabric 10. The means for applyingthe heated adhesive, such as asphaltum, to thetextile fabric 10 of Fig.2 may be variously contrived but is shown as comprising a tank 43 havingthe discharge spout 44 adaptedto deposit the adhesive upon the fabric infront of the doctor 45.

textile fabric 10 supplied from the roll 1d passes over the roller 46and downwardly about the outer face of the curved cooling plate 47 tothe lower. roller 48. The coating of heated waterproofin material isapplied to'one face ofthe chilied textile fabric 10 by the tank 49 anddoctor 50, whereupon the fabric 10 having one face thereof coated withthe waterproof adhesive and the other face free from the coatingmaterial may be used for any desired purpose- There the textile or wovenfabric, which is to be connected by a heated Waterproof adhesive, is theopen mesh, more advantageous results are secured by applying the heatedwaterproof adhesive to the textile or woven fabric after the latter hasbeen chilled, as described with respect to Fig. l of the drawings.Where, however, the textile or woven fabric is of closer mesh -theheated waterproof adhesive may .be a plied to one face of the wovenor'tcxtile fabric just prior to the chilling operation, as describedwith respect to Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The result in either case will be that the In the modifiedconstructionof Fig. 3 a D textile or woven fabric will present'an outer proofadhesive and such outer surface will therefore not be tacky or stickyeven under different weather conditions.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the chilling feature of thepresent invention constitutes a simple and thoroughly practical methodof preventing the heated and liquid coating material from penetrating orpassing through the textile fabric.

What is claimed is 1. The method of producing composite waterproofsheet'material havin an outer layer of textile fabric and a bacing'layer of sheet material secured .to one face of the textile fabricby a heated waterproof adhesive which consists in'chillin the contactingsurfaces of the textile fabrlc and heated waterproof adhesive. to set orcongeal the contacting surface of the waterproof adhesive and preventits-penetration to the outer surface of the textile fabric and securingthe backing to the textile fabric by the water roof adhesive.

2. he method of producing composite -waterproof sheet material havin anouter layer of textile fabric and a bac 'ng layer of sheet materialsecured to one face-of the textile fabric by a heated waterproofadhesive, which consists in chillin the contact-' ing surfaces of thetextile fabric andheated waterproof adhesive to set or congeal thecontacting surface of the waterproof adhesive and prevent itspenetration to the outer surfaces of the textile fabric, introducingreenforcing elements and securing them to the textile fabric by thewaterproof adhesive,

and securing the backing to t e textile fabric by the waterproofadhesive.

3. The method-of producing composite waterproof sheet material havin anouter layer of textile fabric and a bac ing layer fabrics so that thewaterproof coatin ap- In testimony whereof, I have signed my name tothis specification.

WILLIAM N. STEVENSON.

of sheet material secured to one face of the ing unspun fibres byasphaltum.

4. The method of producing composite waterproof sheet material having anouter layer of textile fabric which consists in chilling the textilefabric, applying heated waterproof adhesive and a backing layer of sheetmaterial to the chilled textile fabric to set or congeal the contactingsurface of the adhesive and prevent its passing through the textilematerial to the outer surface thereof so that the layer of textilefabricmay not be discolored by the adhesive.

5. The method of waterproofing textile

